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"极好啊！正直而不傲慢，曲折而不屈服；近而不逼迫，远而不背离；变化而不过度，重复而不厌倦；悲哀而不忧愁，快乐而不荒废；使用而不匮乏，广大而不宣扬；施予而不浪费，取用而不贪婪；处身而不停滞，行动而不流荡。五音和谐，八风平和；节奏有节度，保持有秩序。盛德所共同的。\"","看见舞蹈《象箾》《南籥》的人，说：\"美好啊，还有遗憾。\"看见舞蹈《大武》的人，说：\"美好啊，周朝的兴盛，像这样吗？\"看见舞蹈《韶濩》的人，说：\"圣人的宏大，但是还有惭愧的德行，圣人的困难！\"看见舞蹈《大夏》的人，说：\"美好啊！勤劳而不自夸。不是大禹，那谁能够修治它！\"看见舞蹈《韶箾》的人，说：\"德行到极点了！大啊！像天没有不覆盖的，像地没有不承载的！即使很盛德，它没有用来增加在这了。观看停止了！如果有其他音乐，我不敢请求了！\"",[457,458,459,460],"本文记载的是春秋时期吴国公子季札观周乐的重要文化事件。鲁襄公二十九年（前544年），季札到鲁国聘问，请求观看周朝的音乐，对各国音乐进行了精辟的评论。","春秋时期，吴国是南方大国，季札是吴国的贤公子，以博学多才著称。他到鲁国聘问时，请求观看周朝的音乐，对《诗经》中的各国风诗和雅颂进行了详细的评论，体现了深厚的文化修养。","季札是吴国的贤公子，他通过观看音乐，不仅展现了深厚的文化修养，也体现了春秋时期士人的文化品格。他的音乐评论不仅体现了个人修养，也展现了春秋时期文化人的文化智慧。","这一事件反映了春秋时期丰富的文化生活和士人的文化修养。季札的音乐评论不仅展现了个人修养，也体现了春秋时期文化人的文化智慧。",{"quotes":462,"overall":465,"features":469},[463,464],"清·吴楚材、吴调侯《古文观止》：\"季札观周乐，言文化之要，可谓文化家的智慧。\"","明·归有光《世宗实录》：\"此左氏议论之精者，言文化之要，可为后世法。\"",[466,467,468],"这篇文章是《左传》中著名的文化文章之一，体现了季札的文化修养和音乐鉴赏能力。文章结构严谨，层次分明，通过季札观周乐的评论，展现了春秋时期文化人的文化智慧。","文章的语言优美，特别是季札的音乐评论，既精辟又深刻，既有文化内涵又有艺术价值。他通过观看音乐，巧妙地表达了自己的文化观点，体现了春秋时期文化人的文化智慧。","文章的主旨深刻，通过季札观周乐这一具体事件，揭示了春秋时期文化生活的重要性和文化人的文化智慧。",[470,471,472,473],"**结构严谨**：文章按照音乐的顺序，层次分明，逻辑清晰。","**语言优美**：全文语言典雅，特别是季札的音乐评论，具有很强的文学性和艺术性。","**人物形象鲜明**：季札的博学、睿智，乐工的技艺、配合，都通过简洁的语言得到了很好的体现。","**文化智慧深刻**：文章不仅记录了历史事件，更重要的是体现了深刻的文化智慧。",[475],"左丘明（约前502一前422），春秋末期史学家。左丘明曾任鲁国史官，孔子编订六经，左丘明为解析六经之一《春秋》而著《左传》，亦著《国语》。《左传》《国语》两书记录不少西周、春秋的重要史事，史料翔实，文笔生动，具有很高的史学价值。左丘明是中国传统史学的创始人，被史学界推为中国史学的开山鼻祖，被誉为\"百家文字之宗，万世古文之祖\"\"文宗史圣\"\"经臣史祖\"，孔子、司马迁均尊左丘明为\"君子\"。","季札观周乐 左丘明 卷二·周文二 吴公子札来聘¹……请观于周乐²。使工为之歌《周南》《召南》³，曰：\"美哉⁴！始基之矣⁵，犹未也⁶，然勤而不怨矣⁷。\"为之歌《邶》《鄘》《卫》⁸，曰：\"美哉，渊乎⁹！忧而不困者也¹⁰。吾闻卫康叔、武公之德如是¹¹，是其《卫风》乎¹²？\"为之歌《王》¹³，曰：\"美哉¹⁴！思而不惧¹⁵，其周之东乎¹⁶！\"为之歌《郑》¹⁷，曰：\"美哉¹⁸！其细已甚¹⁹，民弗堪也²⁰。是其先亡乎²¹？\"为之歌《齐》²²，曰：\"美哉，泱泱乎²³，大风也哉²⁴！表东海者²⁵，其大公乎²⁶？国未可量也²⁷。\" 为之歌《豳》²⁸，曰：\"美哉，荡乎²⁹！乐而不淫³⁰，其周公之东乎³¹？\"为之歌《秦》³²，曰：\"此之谓夏声³³。夫能夏则大³⁴，大之至也³⁵，其周之旧乎³⁶！\"为之歌《魏》³⁷，曰：\"美哉，沨沨乎³⁸！大而婉³⁹，险而易行⁴⁰，以德辅此⁴¹，则明主也⁴²。\"为之歌《唐》⁴³，曰：\"思深哉⁴⁴！其有陶唐氏之遗民乎⁴⁵？不然⁴⁶，何忧之远也⁴⁷？非令德之后⁴⁸，谁能若是⁴⁹？\"为之歌《陈》⁵⁰，曰：\"国无主⁵¹，其能久乎⁵²！\"自《郐》以下无讥焉⁵³！ 为之歌《小雅》⁵⁴，曰：\"美哉⁵⁵！思而不贰⁵⁶，怨而不言⁵⁷，其周德之衰乎⁵⁸？犹有先王之遗民焉⁵⁹。\"为之歌《大雅》⁶⁰，曰：\"广哉⁶¹！熙熙乎⁶²！曲而有直体⁶³，其文王之德乎⁶⁴？\" 为之歌《颂》⁶⁵，曰：\"至矣哉⁶⁶！直而不倨⁶⁷，曲而不屈⁶⁸；迩而不逼⁶⁹，远而不携⁷⁰；迁而不淫⁷¹，复而不厌⁷²；哀而不愁⁷³，乐而不荒⁷⁴；用而不匮⁷⁵，广而不宣⁷⁶；施而不费⁷⁷，取而不贪⁷⁸；处而不底⁷⁹，行而不流⁸⁰。五声和⁸¹，八风平⁸²；节有度⁸³，守有序⁸⁴。盛德之所同也⁸⁵。\" 见舞《象箾》《南籥》者⁸⁶，曰：\"美哉⁸⁷，犹有憾⁸⁸。\"见舞《大武》者⁸⁹，曰：\"美哉⁹⁰，周之盛也⁹¹，其若此乎⁹²？\"见舞《韶濩》者⁹³，曰：\"圣人之弘也⁹⁴，而犹有惭德⁹⁵，圣人之难也⁹⁶！\"见舞《大夏》者⁹⁷，曰：\"美哉⁹⁸！勤而不德⁹⁹。非禹¹⁰⁰，其谁能修之¹⁰¹！\"见舞《韶箾》者¹⁰²，曰：\"德至矣哉¹⁰³！大矣¹⁰⁴！如天之无不帱也¹⁰⁵，如地之无不载也¹⁰⁶！虽甚盛德¹⁰⁷，其蔑以加于此矣¹⁰⁸。观止矣¹⁰⁹！若有他乐¹¹⁰，吾不敢请已¹¹¹！\" 吴国公子季札来聘问……请求观看周朝的音乐。让乐工为他歌唱《周南》《召南》，说：\"美好啊！开始奠定基础了，还没有完成，但是勤劳而不怨恨了。\"为他歌唱《邶》《鄘》《卫》，说：\"美好啊，深远啊！忧愁而不困顿的人。我听说卫康叔、武公的德行像这样，这是它的《卫风》吗？\"为他歌唱《王》，说：\"美好啊！思念而不恐惧，这是周朝东迁吗！\"为他歌唱《郑》，说：\"美好啊！它细碎太过了，民众不能忍受。这是它先灭亡吗？\"为他歌唱《齐》，说：\"美好啊，宏大啊，大风格啊！表率东海的人，这是太公吗？国家不可估量。\" 为他歌唱《豳》，说：\"美好啊，坦荡啊！快乐而不过度，这是周公东征吗？\"为他歌唱《秦》，说：\"这叫做夏朝的音乐。那能够夏朝就大，大到极点，这是周朝的旧地吗！\"为他歌唱《魏》，说：\"美好啊，宏大啊！宏大而婉转，险峻而容易实行，用德行辅助这，就是明君。\"为他歌唱《唐》，说：\"思考深刻啊！这有陶唐氏的遗民吗？否则，为什么忧愁这么深远？不是美德的后代，谁能够像这样？\"为他歌唱《陈》，说：\"国家没有君主，它能够长久吗！\"从《郐》以下没有评论了！ 为他歌唱《小雅》，说：\"美好啊！思考而不有二心，怨恨而不说，这是周朝德行的衰落吗？还有先王的遗民。\"为他歌唱《大雅》，说：\"广大啊！和乐啊！曲折而有正直的品格，这是周文王的德行吗？\" 为他歌唱《颂》，说：\"极好啊！正直而不傲慢，曲折而不屈服；近而不逼迫，远而不背离；变化而不过度，重复而不厌倦；悲哀而不忧愁，快乐而不荒废；使用而不匮乏，广大而不宣扬；施予而不浪费，取用而不贪婪；处身而不停滞，行动而不流荡。五音和谐，八风平和；节奏有节度，保持有秩序。盛德所共同的。\" 看见舞蹈《象箾》《南籥》的人，说：\"美好啊，还有遗憾。\"看见舞蹈《大武》的人，说：\"美好啊，周朝的兴盛，像这样吗？\"看见舞蹈《韶濩》的人，说：\"圣人的宏大，但是还有惭愧的德行，圣人的困难！\"看见舞蹈《大夏》的人，说：\"美好啊！勤劳而不自夸。不是大禹，那谁能够修治它！\"看见舞蹈《韶箾》的人，说：\"德行到极点了！大啊！像天没有不覆盖的，像地没有不承载的！即使很盛德，它没有用来增加在这了。观看停止了！如果有其他音乐，我不敢请求了！\"","2026-11-08T00:28:59.383Z","季札觀周樂",[480,481,482,483,484],"吳公子札來聘¹……請觀於周樂²。使工爲之歌《周南》《召南》³，曰：\"美哉⁴！始基之矣⁵，猶未也⁶，然勤而不怨矣⁷。\"爲之歌《邶》《鄘》《衛》⁸，曰：\"美哉，淵乎⁹！憂而不困者也¹⁰。吾聞衛康叔、武公之德如是¹¹，是其《衛風》乎¹²？\"爲之歌《王》¹³，曰：\"美哉¹⁴！思而不懼¹⁵，其周之東乎¹⁶！\"爲之歌《鄭》¹⁷，曰：\"美哉¹⁸！其細已甚¹⁹，民弗堪也²⁰。是其先亡乎²¹？\"爲之歌《齊》²²，曰：\"美哉，泱泱乎²³，大風也哉²⁴！表東海者²⁵，其大公乎²⁶？國未可量也²⁷。\"","爲之歌《豳》²⁸，曰：\"美哉，蕩乎²⁹！樂而不淫³⁰，其周公之東乎³¹？\"爲之歌《秦》³²，曰：\"此之謂夏聲³³。夫能夏則大³⁴，大之至也³⁵，其周之舊乎³⁶！\"爲之歌《魏》³⁷，曰：\"美哉，渢渢乎³⁸！大而婉³⁹，險而易行⁴⁰，以德輔此⁴¹，則明主也⁴²。\"爲之歌《唐》⁴³，曰：\"思深哉⁴⁴！其有陶唐氏之遺民乎⁴⁵？不然⁴⁶，何憂之遠也⁴⁷？非令德之後⁴⁸，誰能若是⁴⁹？\"爲之歌《陳》⁵⁰，曰：\"國無主⁵¹，其能久乎⁵²！\"自《鄶》以下無譏焉⁵³！","爲之歌《小雅》⁵⁴，曰：\"美哉⁵⁵！思而不貳⁵⁶，怨而不言⁵⁷，其周德之衰乎⁵⁸？猶有先王之遺民焉⁵⁹。\"爲之歌《大雅》⁶⁰，曰：\"廣哉⁶¹！熙熙乎⁶²！曲而有直體⁶³，其文王之德乎⁶⁴？\"","爲之歌《頌》⁶⁵，曰：\"至矣哉⁶⁶！直而不倨⁶⁷，曲而不屈⁶⁸；邇而不逼⁶⁹，遠而不攜⁷⁰；遷而不淫⁷¹，復而不厭⁷²；哀而不愁⁷³，樂而不荒⁷⁴；用而不匱⁷⁵，廣而不宣⁷⁶；施而不費⁷⁷，取而不貪⁷⁸；處而不底⁷⁹，行而不流⁸⁰。五聲和⁸¹，八風平⁸²；節有度⁸³，守有序⁸⁴。盛德之所同也⁸⁵。\"","見舞《象箾》《南籥》者⁸⁶，曰：\"美哉⁸⁷，猶有憾⁸⁸。\"見舞《大武》者⁸⁹，曰：\"美哉⁹⁰，周之盛也⁹¹，其若此乎⁹²？\"見舞《韶濩》者⁹³，曰：\"聖人之弘也⁹⁴，而猶有慚德⁹⁵，聖人之難也⁹⁶！\"見舞《大夏》者⁹⁷，曰：\"美哉⁹⁸！勤而不德⁹⁹。非禹¹⁰⁰，其誰能修之¹⁰¹！\"見舞《韶箾》者¹⁰²，曰：\"德至矣哉¹⁰³！大矣¹⁰⁴！如天之無不幬也¹⁰⁵，如地之無不載也¹⁰⁶！雖甚盛德¹⁰⁷，其蔑以加於此矣¹⁰⁸。觀止矣¹⁰⁹！若有他樂¹¹⁰，吾不敢請已¹¹¹！\"",[486,487,488,489,490],"wú gōng zǐ zhá lái pìn ¹ … … qǐng guān yú zhōu lè ² 。 shǐ gōng wèi zhī gē 《 zhōu nán 》 《 zhào nán 》 ³ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ⁴ ！ shǐ jī zhī yǐ ⁵ ， yóu wèi yě ⁶ ， rán qín ér bú yuàn yǐ ⁷ 。 \" wèi zhī gē 《 bèi 》 《 yōng 》 《 wèi 》 ⁸ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ， yuān hū ⁹ ！ yōu ér bú kùn zhě yě ¹ ⁰ 。 wú wén wèi kāng shū 、 wǔ gōng zhī dé rú shì ¹ ¹ ， shì qí 《 wèi fēng 》 hū ¹ ² ？ \" wèi zhī gē 《 wáng 》 ¹ ³ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ¹ ⁴ ！ sī ér bú jù ¹ ⁵ ， qí zhōu zhī dōng hū ¹ ⁶ ！ \" wèi zhī gē 《 zhèng 》 ¹ ⁷ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ¹ ⁸ ！ qí xì yǐ shèn ¹ ⁹ ， mín fú kān yě ² ⁰ 。 shì qí xiān wáng hū ² ¹ ？ \" wèi zhī gē 《 qí 》 ² ² ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ， yāng yāng hū ² ³ ， dà fēng yě zāi ² ⁴ ！ biǎo dōng hǎi zhě ² ⁵ ， qí dà gōng hū ² ⁶ ？ guó wèi kě liáng yě ² ⁷ 。 \"","wèi zhī gē 《 bīn 》 ² ⁸ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ， dàng hū ² ⁹ ！ lè ér bù yín ³ ⁰ ， qí zhōu gōng zhī dōng hū ³ ¹ ？ \" wèi zhī gē 《 qín 》 ³ ² ， yuē ： \" cǐ zhī wèi xià shēng ³ ³ 。 fū néng xià zé dà ³ ⁴ ， dà zhī zhì yě ³ ⁵ ， qí zhōu zhī jiù hū ³ ⁶ ！ \" wèi zhī gē 《 wèi 》 ³ ⁷ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ， fēng fēng hū ³ ⁸ ！ dà ér wǎn ³ ⁹ ， xiǎn ér yì xíng ⁴ ⁰ ， yǐ dé fǔ cǐ ⁴ ¹ ， zé míng zhǔ yě ⁴ ² 。 \" wèi zhī gē 《 táng 》 ⁴ ³ ， yuē ： \" sī shēn zāi ⁴ ⁴ ！ qí yǒu táo táng shì zhī yí mín hū ⁴ ⁵ ？ bù rán ⁴ ⁶ ， hé yōu zhī yuǎn yě ⁴ ⁷ ？ fēi lìng dé zhī hòu ⁴ ⁸ ， shuí néng ruò shì ⁴ ⁹ ？ \" wèi zhī gē 《 chén 》 ⁵ ⁰ ， yuē ： \" guó wú zhǔ ⁵ ¹ ， qí néng jiǔ hū ⁵ ² ！ \" zì 《 kuài 》 yǐ xià wú jī yān ⁵ ³ ！","wèi zhī gē 《 xiǎo yǎ 》 ⁵ ⁴ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ⁵ ⁵ ！ sī ér bú èr ⁵ ⁶ ， yuàn ér bù yán ⁵ ⁷ ， qí zhōu dé zhī shuāi hū ⁵ ⁸ ？ yóu yǒu xiān wáng zhī yí mín yān ⁵ ⁹ 。 \" wèi zhī gē 《 dà yǎ 》 ⁶ ⁰ ， yuē ： \" guǎng zāi ⁶ ¹ ！ xī xī hū ⁶ ² ！ qǔ ér yǒu zhí tǐ ⁶ ³ ， qí wén wáng zhī dé hū ⁶ ⁴ ？ \"","wèi zhī gē 《 sòng 》 ⁶ ⁵ ， yuē ： \" zhì yǐ zāi ⁶ ⁶ ！ zhí ér bú jù ⁶ ⁷ ， qǔ ér bù qū ⁶ ⁸ ； ěr ér bù bī ⁶ ⁹ ， yuǎn ér bù xié ⁷ ⁰ ； qiān ér bù yín ⁷ ¹ ， fù ér bú yàn ⁷ ² ； āi ér bù chóu ⁷ ³ ， lè ér bù huāng ⁷ ⁴ ； yòng ér bú kuì ⁷ ⁵ ， guǎng ér bù xuān ⁷ ⁶ ； shī ér bú fèi ⁷ ⁷ ， qǔ ér bù tān ⁷ ⁸ ； chù ér bù dǐ ⁷ ⁹ ， xíng ér bù liú ⁸ ⁰ 。 wǔ shēng hé ⁸ ¹ ， bā fēng píng ⁸ ² ； jié yǒu dù ⁸ ³ ， shǒu yǒu xù ⁸ ⁴ 。 shèng dé zhī suǒ tóng yě ⁸ ⁵ 。 \"","jiàn wǔ 《 xiàng xiāo 》 《 nán yuè 》 zhě ⁸ ⁶ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ⁸ ⁷ ， yóu yǒu hàn ⁸ ⁸ 。 \" jiàn wǔ 《 dà wǔ 》 zhě ⁸ ⁹ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ⁹ ⁰ ， zhōu zhī shèng yě ⁹ ¹ ， qí ruò cǐ hū ⁹ ² ？ \" jiàn wǔ 《 sháo hù 》 zhě ⁹ ³ ， yuē ： \" shèng rén zhī hóng yě ⁹ ⁴ ， ér yóu yǒu cán dé ⁹ ⁵ ， shèng rén zhī nán yě ⁹ ⁶ ！ \" jiàn wǔ 《 dà xià 》 zhě ⁹ ⁷ ， yuē ： \" měi zāi ⁹ ⁸ ！ qín ér bù dé ⁹ ⁹ 。 fēi yǔ ¹ ⁰ ⁰ ， qí shuí néng xiū zhī ¹ ⁰ ¹ ！ \" jiàn wǔ 《 sháo xiāo 》 zhě ¹ ⁰ ² ， yuē ： \" dé zhì yǐ zāi ¹ ⁰ ³ ！ dà yǐ ¹ ⁰ ⁴ ！ rú tiān zhī wú bù chóu yě ¹ ⁰ ⁵ ， rú dì zhī wú bù zǎi yě ¹ ⁰ ⁶ ！ suī shèn shèng dé ¹ ⁰ ⁷ ， qí miè yǐ jiā yú cǐ yǐ ¹ ⁰ ⁸ 。 guān zhǐ yǐ ¹ ⁰ ⁹ ！ ruò yǒu tā lè ¹ ¹ ⁰ ， wú bù gǎn qǐng yǐ ¹ ¹ ¹ ！ 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